INgqungquthela Yezizwe Ezihlangene Yezohwebo Nokuthuthukiswa (i-UNCTAD) isinxuse ukuthunyelwa kwemikhumbi emhlabeni wonke kanye nempahla ukuze kwakhiwe ukusimama kwe-supply chain ngokwandisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwingqalasizinda kanye nokusimama ukuze kulungiselelwe izinkinga ezizayo.I-UNCTAD iphinde igqugquzele amachweba, imikhumbi yemikhumbi kanye nokuxhumeka kwe-hinterland ukuthi kudlulele kumandla anekhabhoni ephansi.

Ngokoshicilelo oluhamba phambili lwe-UNCTAD oluthi, 'Maritime Transport in Review 2022′, inkinga yokuthengwa kwempahla yeminyaka emibili eyedlule ikhombise ukungafani phakathi kokuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingo somthamo wezimpahla zasolwandle okuholela ekwenyukeni kwamazinga omthwalo wempahla, ukuminyana kanye nokuphazamiseka okukhulu kwamaketanga amanani emhlabeni jikelele.

Ngemininingwane ekhombisa ukuthi imikhumbi ithwala ngaphezu kwama-80% wezimpahla ezidayiswayo emhlabeni, kanye nesabelo esikhulu nakakhulu emazweni amaningi asathuthuka, kunesidingo esiphuthumayo sokwakha amandla okumelana nezimo eziphazamisa ukuthengwa kwempahla, ukwehla kwamandla emali kaphethiloli, futhi kuthinte izimpilo zabantu. abampofu kakhulu.eshicilelwe embikweni walolu shicilelo.

Ukunikezwa kwezinto eziqinile okuhambisana nesidingo esandayo sezimpahla zabathengi kanye ne-e-commerce kushayela amanani ezimpahla ezithwala ama-container aphindwe kahlanu amazinga awo angaphambi kobhubhane ngo-2021 futhi afinyelela inani eliphakeme kakhulu ekuqaleni kuka-2022, enyusa amanani entengo yabathengi kakhulu.Amanani ehlile kusukela maphakathi no-2022, kodwa ahlala ephezulu ezimpahla zikawoyela nethangi legesi ngenxa yenkinga yamandla eqhubekayo.

I-UNCTAD icela amazwe ukuthi ahlole ngokucophelela izinguquko ezingaba khona ezidingweni zemikhumbi futhi athuthukise futhi athuthukise ingqalasizinda yamachweba kanye nokuxhumana phakathi kwezwe, kuyilapho ehlanganyela nemboni ezimele.Kufanele futhi bathuthukise ukuxhumeka kwechweba, bandise indawo yokugcina impahla kanye nomthamo kanye nomthamo, futhi banciphise ukushoda kwabasebenzi nemishini, ngokusho kombiko.

Umbiko we-UNCTAD uphinda uphakamise ukuthi ukuphazamiseka okuningi kwe-supply chain kungase kuncishiswe ngokwenza lula ezohwebo, ikakhulukazi ngokusebenzisa idijithali, okunciphisa izikhathi zokulinda kanye nemvume emachwebeni futhi kusheshiswe ukucutshungulwa kwemibhalo ngemibhalo ye-elekthronikhi nezinkokhelo.

Ukwenyuka kwezindleko zokuboleka, isimo somnotho esifiphele kanye nokungaqiniseki kwemithetho kuzophazamisa ukutshalwa kwezimali emikhunjini emisha enciphisa ukukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa, kusho umbiko.Ukwenyuka kwezindleko zokuboleka, umbono ongemuhle wezomnotho kanye nokungaqiniseki kwemithetho kuzophazamisa ukutshalwa kwezimali emikhunjini emisha enciphisa ukukhishwa kwesisi esingcolisa umoya, kusho umbiko.

I-UNCTAD inxusa amazwe omhlaba ukuthi aqinisekise ukuthi amazwe ahlukumezeka kakhulu ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu futhi angathinteki kangako ngenxa yako awathinteki emizamweni yokunciphisa ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kwezokuthutha zasolwandle.

Ukuhlanganiswa okuvundlile ngokuhlanganiswa nokutholwa kuye kwaguqula imboni yokuthumela amabhokisi.Izinkampani zemikhumbi nazo ziphishekela ukuhlanganiswa okuqondile ngokutshala imali ekusebenzeni kwetheminali nezinye izinsiza zezokuthutha.Kusukela ngo-1996 kuya ku-2022, isabelo sabathwali abaphezulu abangama-20 kumthamo weziqukathi sikhuphuka sisuka ku-48% siye ku-91%.Kule minyaka emihlanu edlule, izinkampani ezine ezinkulu zikhuphule isabelo sazo semakethe, zilawula ngaphezu kwengxenye yomthamo wemikhumbi womhlaba, kusho umbiko.

I-UNCTAD icela iziphathimandla zokuncintisana nezamachweba ukuthi zisebenzisane ukuze kubhekwane nokuhlanganiswa kwezimboni ngezinyathelo zokuvikela ukuncintisana.Umbiko ukhuthaza ukubambisana okukhulu kwamazwe ngamazwe ukuze kuliwe nokuziphatha okuphambene nokuncintisana kwemingcele yezokuthutha zasolwandle, ngokuhambisana nemithetho nemigomo yokuncintisana yeNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene.