Ngo-2021, ukuthunyelwa kwendwangu nezingubo zaseVietnam kuzofinyelela kumadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-39?

Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule, uNguyen Jinchang, iphini likasihlalo weVietnam Textile and Apparel Association, uthe unyaka ka-2020 unyaka wokuqala lapho ukuthengiswa kwendwangu nezingubo zaseVietnam kube nokukhula okungekuhle ngo-10.5% eminyakeni engama-25.Ivolumu yokuthekelisa ingamadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-35 kuphela, ukwehla ngamadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezine ukusuka ezigidigidini ezingama-39 zamadola aseMelika ngo-2019. Kodwa-ke, esimweni semboni yendwangu yomhlaba wonke isamba sohwebo sehla sisuka ku-US$740 billion saya ku-US$600 billion. , ukwehla sekukonke ngo-22%, ukwehla kwesiqhudelana naye ngamunye ngokuvamile kuba ngu-15% -20%, futhi abanye baze behle baze bafika ku-30% ngenxa yenqubomgomo yokuzihlukanisa., Ukuthunyelwa kwendwangu nezingubo zaseVietnam akuzange kwehle kakhulu.

微信图片_20201231142753

Ngenxa yokungabikho kokuhlukaniswa nokumiswa kokukhiqiza ngo-2020, iVietnam ibalwa phakathi kwabahwebi abaphezulu aba-5 bendwangu nezingubo emhlabeni.Lesi futhi isizathu esibaluleke kakhulu sokusiza ukuthunyelwa kwendwangu nezimpahla zaseVietnam ukuthi kuhlale kokungu-5 okuthunyelwa ngaphandle naphezu kokwehla okukhulu kwezimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle.

Embikweni kaMcKenzy (mc kenzy) oshicilelwe ngoDisemba 4, kwavezwa ukuthi inzuzo yemboni yendwangu nezingubo izoncipha ngo-93% ngo-2020. Izimpahla zezimpahla ezidumile ezingaphezu kwe-10 ezaziwayo e-United States. sebephelelwe imali, kanti ukuthengwa kwezimpahla zezwe sekucishe kube ngama-20%.Abantu abayizinkulungwane eziyishumi abasebenzi.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yokuthi ukukhiqizwa akuzange kuphazamiseke, isabelo semakethe sendwangu nezingubo zaseVietnam siyaqhubeka sikhula, sifinyelela ezingeni lama-20% wesabelo semakethe sase-US okokuqala ngqa, futhi sesithathe isikhundla sokuqala izinyanga eziningi. .

Ngokuqala ukusebenza kwezivumelwano zokuhweba zamahhala ze-13, kuhlanganise ne-EVFTA, nakuba zazingenele ukubuyisela ukwehla, nazo zadlala indima ebalulekile ekunciphiseni ama-oda.

Ngokwezibikezelo, imakethe yendwangu nezingubo ingase ibuyele emazingeni ka-2019 ekuqaleni kwekota yesibili ka-2022 kanye nekota yesine ka-2023 kwakamuva.Ngakho-ke, ngo-2021, ukuvaleleka kulolu bhubhane kusazoba unyaka onzima futhi ongaqinisekile.Kuvele izici eziningi ezintsha ze-supply chain, okuphoqe izinkampani zendwangu nezingubo ukuthi zivumelane nezimo.

Okokuqala ukuthi igagasi lokwehliswa kwamanani ligcwalise imakethe, futhi imikhiqizo enezitayela ezilula ithathe indawo yemfashini.Lokhu kuphinde kwaholela ekubeni namandla ngokweqile ngakolunye uhlangothi, kanye namakhono amasha anganele ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwandisa ukuthengiswa kwe-inthanethi kanye nokunciphisa izixhumanisi eziphakathi.

1

Uma kubhekwa lezi zici zemakethe, umgomo ophakeme kakhulu wemboni yendwangu nezingubo zaseVietnam ngo-2021 ngamadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-39, okuyizinyanga eziyisi-9 kuye eminyakeni emi-2 ngokushesha kunemakethe ejwayelekile.Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlosiwe okuphezulu, okuhlosiwe okujwayelekile ngamadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-38 ekuthengisweni kwamanye amazwe, ngenxa yokuthi imboni yendwangu nezingubo isadinga ukwesekwa nguhulumeni mayelana nokusimamisa umnotho omkhulu, inqubomgomo yezimali, kanye nezinga lenzalo.

Ngomhla zingama-30 kuZibandlela, ngokwe-Vietnam News Agency, abameleli abagunyaziwe (amanxusa) kahulumeni waseVietnam nowaseBrithani basayina ngokusemthethweni Isivumelwano Sohwebo Samahhala saseVietnam-UK (UKVFTA) eLondon, e-UK.  Ngaphambilini, ngo-December 11, 2020, uNgqongqoshe Wezimboni Nezohwebo waseVietnam u-Chen Junying kanye noNobhala WaseBrithani Wezohwebo Lwamazwe Ngamazwe u-Liz Truss basayine imemorandamu yokuvumelana ukuze kuphothulwe izingxoxo zesivumelwano se-UKVFTA, babeka isisekelo sezinqubo zomthetho ezidingekayo zokugunyazwa okusemthethweni. ukusayinwa kwalawa mazwe amabili.

Njengamanje, lezi zinhlangothi zombili zijaha ukuqedela izinqubo zasekhaya ezifanele ngokuhambisana nemithetho neziqondiso zamazwe azo, ziqinisekisa ukuthi isivumelwano sizosetshenziswa ngokushesha kusukela ngo-23:00 ngoDisemba 31, 2020.

Esimweni sokuhoxa okusemthethweni kwe-UK ku-EU kanye nokuphela kwesikhathi soshintsho ngemuva kokuphuma kwe-EU (Disemba 31, 2020), ukusayinwa kwesivumelwano se-UKVFTA kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhweba phakathi kweVietnam ne-UK ngeke kuphazamiseke. ngemva kokuphela kwesikhathi soshintsho.

Isivumelwano se-UKVFTA asigcini nje ngokuvula ukuhwebelana ngezimpahla nezinsiza, kodwa sihlanganisa nezinye izici eziningi ezibalulekile, njengokukhula kohlaza kanye nentuthuko esimeme.

I-UK inguzakwethu wesithathu ngobukhulu e-Vietnam kwezohwebo eYurophu.Ngokwezibalo ezivela ku-General Administration of Customs of Vietnam, ngonyaka ka-2019, inani eliphelele lempahla ethunyelwa ngaphandle kanye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe phakathi kwala mazwe womabili lafinyelela ezigidini eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-6.6 zamadola aseMelika, lapho ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwafinyelela ezigidini eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-5.8 zamadola aseMelika kwathi ukuthengwa kwamanye amazwe kwafinyelela ezigidini ezingama-857 zamadola aseMelika.Phakathi nesikhathi esisuka ku-2011 kuya ku-2019, isilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka sengqikithi yevolumu yokungenisa kanye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe yaseVietnam neBrithani sasingu-12.1%, esasiphezulu kunesilinganiso sonyaka saseVietnam esingu-10%.

3

Imikhiqizo eyinhloko iVietnam ethumela e-UK ihlanganisa omakhalekhukhwini kanye nezingxenye zabo eziyisipele, izindwangu nezingubo, izicathulo, imikhiqizo yasemanzini, imikhiqizo yezinkuni nezinkuni, amakhompyutha nezingxenye, amantongomane e-cashew, ikhofi, upelepele, njll. Izinto ezivela eVietnam ezivela e-UK zihlanganisa. imishini, izinto zokusebenza, imithi, insimbi, namakhemikhali.Izinto ezithunyelwa ngaphandle kanye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe phakathi kwalawa mazwe womabili kuyahambisana kunokuba kube nokuncintisana.

Izinto ezithengiswayo zaminyaka yonke zaseBrithani zingenisa imali ecishe ibe yizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-700 zamaRandi, kanti inani eliphelele lokuthunyelwa kwe-Vietnam e-UK lilinganiselwa ku-1%.Ngakho-ke, kusenendawo enkulu yokuthi imikhiqizo yaseVietnam ikhule emakethe yase-UK.

Ngemuva kwe-Brexit, izinzuzo ezilethwa "Isivumelwano Sokuhweba Samahhala Se-Vietnam-EU" (EVFTA) ngeke sisebenze emakethe yase-UK.Ngakho-ke, ukusayina isivumelwano sokuhwebelana ngokukhululeka kwamazwe amabili kuzodala izimo ezikahle zokuthuthukisa izinguquko, ukuvula izimakethe kanye nemisebenzi yokusiza ukuhwebelana ngesisekelo sokuzuza njengefa imiphumela emihle yezingxoxo ze-EVFTA.

UMnyango Wezimboni Nezohwebo waseVietnam uthe ezinye izimpahla ezinamandla okukhula kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe emakethe yase-UK zihlanganisa izindwangu nezingubo.Ngo-2019, i-UK ikakhulukazi ingenisa izindwangu nezingubo ezivela eVietnam.Nakuba i-China inesabelo semakethe esikhulu kunazo zonke emakethe yase-UK, ukuthunyelwa kwendwangu nezingubo zezwe e-UK kwehle ngo-8% eminyakeni emihlanu edlule.Ngaphezu kwe-China, i-Bangladesh, i-Cambodia ne-Pakistan nazo zithumela izindwangu nezingubo e-UK.Lawa mazwe anenzuzo kuneVietnam ngokwamazinga entela.Ngakho-ke, isivumelwano sokuhweba samahhala phakathi kweVietnam ne-United Kingdom sizoletha amanani akhethekile, azosiza izimpahla zaseVietnam zibe nenzuzo yokuncintisana nabanye abaqhudelana nabo.


Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-31-2020