Ukuthuthukiswa komhlaba jikeleleimboni yezindwanguIketanga liye landa ukusetshenziswa kwendwangu yonyaka ngomuntu ngamunye kusuka ku-7kg kuya ku-13kg, nenani eliphelele lamathani angaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-100, futhi ukukhiqizwa konyaka kwezindwangu zemfucumfucu sekufinyelele amathani ayizigidi ezingu-40.Ngo-2020, izwe lami lizosebenzisa kabusha amathani ayizigidi ezingu-4.3 ezindwangu, futhi ukukhishwa kwemicu yamakhemikhali kuzodlula amathani ayizigidi ezingu-60.Nakuba inani lendwangu ethunyelwa ngaphandle liphezulu, izinga lokugaywa kabusha liphansi.Kusengaphezu kwe-2/3 yezindwangu ezilahliwe emhlabeni ezingakwazanga ukuthuthukiswa nokusetshenziswa kabusha.

Izindwangu ezibizwa nge-renewable textile ngokuvamile zibhekwa njengezigaywe kabushaizindwanguengasetshenziswa kabusha, futhi ukusebenza kwemikhiqizo eyenziwe kabusha kuyafana, futhi kunevelu ephezuluizindwangu olulodwa.Ngemikhiqizo yendwangu “elahlwayo” ebolayo, engenalo inani lezomnotho lokululama ngokushesha, ingaba yindawo yokulahla imfucuza efakwe umquba.Ukwengeza kulo mqondo womnotho oyindilinga, ubuchwepheshe bezimboni buhlukanisa ukugaywa kabusha kube izinhlobo ezimbili: ukuthuthukisa nokwehlisa.

Izindlela zokugaywa kabusha kwezindwangu ikakhulukazi zifaka phakathi izindlela zemishini, zomzimba nezamakhemikhali.Indlela yemishini iwukucubungula izindwangu zibe imicu emincane noma imicu ukuze iphothwe kabusha noma iguqule inhloso enkulu yezindwangu;indlela engokomzimba ngokuyinhloko eyemicu yokwenziwa, ikakhulukazi imicu eyakhiwe ukuphotha okuncibilikayo, encibilika ekushiseni okuphezulu ukuze izindwangu zincibilike.Ngemva kokuhlunga ukungcola, zingaphothwa noma zisetshenziswe kweminye imikhiqizo.Ezinye izinto ze-fiber composite ezisezingeni eliphezulu zingasusa i-epoxy resin ekushiseni okuphezulu, zibuyisele isimo se-fiber, futhi zisetshenziswe emikhiqizweni engeyona eyendwangu ngokusebenzisa izinqubo zokusika nokuchoboza;izindlela zamakhemikhali ngokuyinhloko ezezinhlobonhlobo zezindwangu.Ukuhlukaniswa kwemicu kusetshenziswa kabusha ngokuhlukana, futhi izikhathi eziningi zisetshenziselwa ukuhlanza izinto ezigaywe kabusha, ukususa kangcono ukungcola namadayi, nokusebenzisa ukuthuthukisa nokuvuselela.

Ngo-2020, ukukhiqizwa kwe-polyester fiber yezwe lami kungamathani ayizigidi ezingama-49.3575, okubalelwa ku-72% wesamba, ukotini ungamathani ayizigidi eziyi-8.6, okubalelwa ku-12%, i-viscose ingamathani ayizigidi ezingama-3.95, ibalwa ku-5.8%, ama-akhawunti enayiloni angama-5.6%.Imicu esele ingeza ngaphansi kuka-4%.Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutholakala kokudla, ukukhishwa kwemicu yemvelo efana nekotini, ilineni, noboya kusendleleni eyehlayo iyonke.Kuyisu elihlukaniswe ngezigaba ukufaka imicu ethile yemvelo esikhundleni semicu yokwenziwa.Umthombo wezinto zokwenziwa ze-fiber eluhlaza ungakhetha izinsiza ezisekelwe ku-bio, futhi izinsiza ezivuselelekayo ezigaywe kabusha kufanele zisetshenziselwe ukususa kancane kancane ukuncika ngokweqile ezinsizeni ezingavuseleleki.Lokhu akukona nje ukubaluleka okungokoqobo ekongeni izinsiza, ukuvikela imvelo kanye nokunciphisa ukudliwa komhlaba olinywayo, kodwa futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni nasekuthuthukisweni komnotho oyindilinga.