ITurkey, umhlinzeki wezingubo wesithathu ngobukhulu eYurophu, ibhekene nezindleko zokukhiqiza eziphakeme kanye nezingozi eziwela ngemuva kakhulu kwezimbangi zase-Asia ngemuva kokuba uhulumeni ekhuphule intela ekuthengisweni kwezindwangu okuhlanganisa nezinto zokusetshenziswa.

Ababambiqhaza embonini yezingubo bathi intela entsha iyayicindezela imboni, engomunye wabaqashi abakhulu eTurkey futhi ehlinzeka ngemikhiqizo emikhulu yaseYurophu efana ne-H&M, iMango, i-Adidas, i-Puma kanye ne-Inditex. Baxwayise ngokudilizwa eTurkey njengoba izindleko zokungenisa impahla zikhuphuka futhi abakhiqizi baseTurkey belahlekelwa isabelo semakethe yizimbangi ezifana neBangladesh neVietnam.

Ngobuchwepheshe, abathumeli bangaphandle bangafaka izicelo zokungakhokhiswa intela, kodwa abantu abangaphakathi embonini bathi lolu hlelo luyabiza futhi ludla isikhathi futhi alusebenzi ngokusemthethweni ezinkampanini eziningi. Ngisho nangaphambi kokuba kubekwe intela entsha, imboni yayivele ibhekene nokwenyuka kwamanani entengo, ukuncipha kwesidingo kanye nokwehla kwenzuzo njengoba abathumeli bangaphandle bebheka i-lira njengenenani elingaphezulu, kanye nemiphumela evela ekuzameni kweminyaka eminingi kweTurkey ukunciphisa amazinga enzalo phakathi nokwenyuka kwamanani entengo.

Abathumeli bezimpahla baseTurkey bathi imikhiqizo yemfashini ingamelana nokwenyuka kwentengo okufika kumaphesenti angama-20, kodwa noma yimaphi amanani aphezulu azoholela ekulahlekelweni yimakethe.

Omunye umenzi wezingubo zabesifazane ezimakethe zaseYurophu nase-US uthe amanani amasha azonyusa izindleko ze-T-shirt engu-$10 ngamasenti angaphansi kwama-50. Akalindele ukulahlekelwa amakhasimende, kodwa uthe izinguquko ziqinisa isidingo sokuba imboni yezingubo yaseTurkey ishintshe ekukhiqizeni ngobuningi iye ekukhuliseni inani. Kodwa uma abahlinzeki baseTurkey bephikelela ekuncintisaneni neBangladesh noma iVietnam ngama-T-shirt angu-$3, bazolahlekelwa.

ITurkey ithumele ngaphandle amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-10.4 ezindwangu kanye namaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-21.2 ezindwangu ngonyaka odlule, okwenza ibe ngumthengisi wesihlanu nowesithupha ngobukhulu emhlabeni ngokulandelana. Ingumhlinzeki wesibili ngobukhulu wezindwangu kanye nomhlinzeki wesithathu ngobukhulu wezingubo e-EU engomakhelwane, ngokusho kwe-European Clothing and Textile Federation (Euratex).

Isabelo sayo semakethe yaseYurophu sehle saya ku-12.7% ngonyaka odlule sisuka ku-13.8% ngo-2021. Ukuthunyelwa kwezindwangu nezingubo kwehle ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-8 kuya ku-Okthoba kulo nyaka, kuyilapho ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe jikelele bekungaguquki, ngokusho kwedatha yemboni.

Inani labasebenzi ababhalisiwe embonini yezindwangu lehle ngo-15% kusukela ngo-Agasti. Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ayo bekungama-71% ngenyanga edlule, uma kuqhathaniswa nama-77% emkhakheni wokukhiqiza uwonke, futhi izikhulu zemboni zithe abenzi bezintambo abaningi basebenza cishe ngama-50%.

I-lira ilahlekelwe yi-35% yenani layo kulo nyaka kanye ne-80% eminyakeni emihlanu. Kodwa abathumeli bamazwe angaphandle bathi i-lira kufanele yehle kakhulu ukuze ibonise kangcono ukwehla kwamandla emali, okwamanje okungaphezu kuka-61% futhi kufinyelele ku-85% ngonyaka odlule.

Izikhulu zemboni zithi imisebenzi engu-170,000 isincishisiwe embonini yezindwangu nezingubo kuze kube manje kulo nyaka. Kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele ku-200,000 ekupheleni konyaka njengoba ukuqina kwezimali kupholisa umnotho oshisa ngokweqile.