Ezigabeni ezintathu zokuqala zika-2020, ngemuva kokubhekana nomthelela omkhulu wokungqubuzana kwezomnotho kanye nokuhweba phakathi kwe-Sino-US kanye nobhubhane olusha lwe-crown pneumonia emhlabeni wonke, izinga lokukhula komnotho waseShayina lishintshe kusukela ekwehleni laya ekwenyukeni, imisebenzi yezomnotho iqhubekile nokululama kancane kancane, ukusetshenziswa kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kuye kwasimama futhi kwalulama, kanti ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kuye kwalulama ngaphezu kwalokho obekulindelwe. Imboni yezindwangu Izinkomba zokusebenza komnotho eziyinhloko ziyathuthuka kancane kancane, zibonisa ukuthambekela okukhuphuka kancane kancane. Ngaphansi kwalesi simo, ukusebenza okuphelele kwemboni yemishini yezindwangu ezigabeni ezintathu zokuqala kuye kwalulama kancane kancane, futhi ukwehla kwezinkomba zokusebenza komnotho wemboni kuye kwancipha kakhulu. Kuqhutshwa imishini yezindwangu esetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ubhubhane, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kuye kwanda kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, imakethe yomhlaba wonke ayikaphumi ngokuphelele emgodini obangelwe ubhubhane, futhi ingcindezi iyonke ekukhiqizweni nasekusebenzeni kwemboni yemishini yezindwangu isalokhu inganciphi.

Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuSepthemba 2020, izindleko eziphelele zamabhizinisi emishini yezindwangu ezingaphezu kosayizi oqokiwe zaziyi-yuan eyizigidigidi ezingama-43.77, ukwehla ngo-15.7% uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi esifanayo ngonyaka odlule.

Uphenyo lwamabhizinisi abalulekile

I-China Textile Machinery Association yenze ucwaningo lwezinkampani ezingu-95 ezibalulekile zemishini yendwangu ngezimo zazo zokusebenza kumakota amathathu okuqala ka-2020. Kusukela emiphumeleni efingqiwe, izimo zokusebenza kumakota amathathu okuqala zithuthukile uma kuqhathaniswa nengxenye yokuqala yonyaka. Imali engenayo yokusebenza yama-50% ezinkampani inciphe ngamazinga ahlukahlukene. Phakathi kwazo, ama-11.83% ezinkampani ane-oda lehle ngaphezu kwama-50%, kanti amanani emikhiqizo yemishini yendwangu ngokuvamile azinzile futhi aphansi. Ama-41.76% ezinkampani anempahla efanayo neyangonyaka odlule, kanti ama-46.15% wezinga lokusetshenziswa kwamandla ezinkampani lingaphezu kwama-80%. Njengamanje, izinkampani zikholelwa ukuthi izinkinga ezibhekene nazo zigxile kakhulu ezimakethe zasekhaya nezangaphandle ezinganele, ingcindezi evela ezindleleni ezikhuphukayo, kanye neziteshi zokuthengisa ezivinjiwe. Izinkampani zokuluka, ukuluka, i-fiber yamakhemikhali kanye nemishini engalukiwe zilindele ukuthi ama-oda kwikota yesine athuthuke uma kuqhathaniswa nekota yesithathu. Ngokwesimo semboni yemishini yendwangu kwikota yesine ka-2020, ama-42.47% ezinkampani ezihloliwe azikabi nethemba elikhulu.

Isimo sokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle

Ngokwezibalo zentela, inani eliphelele lokungeniswa nokuthunyelwa kwemishini yendwangu ezweni lami kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuSepthemba 2020 lalingu-US$5.382 billion, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka okungu-0.93%. Phakathi kwazo: ukungeniswa kwemishini yendwangu kwakuyi-US$2.050 billion, ukwehla konyaka nonyaka okungu-20.89%; ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwakuyi-US$3.333 billion, ukwanda konyaka nonyaka okungu-17.26%.

Imishini yokuthunga

Ezigabeni ezintathu zokuqala zika-2020, ngokusimama komnotho wasekhaya, phakathi kwezinhlobo ezintathu zemishini yokuluka, imishini yokuluka eyindilinga kanye nezimboni zemishini yokuluka ye-warp ziyathuthuka kancane kancane, kodwa imboni yemishini yokuluka eyindilinga isabhekene nengcindezi enkulu yokwehla. Imboni yemishini yokuluka eyindilinga ibonise ukuthambekela okukhuphuka kancane kancane ezigabeni ezintathu zokuqala. Ezigabeni zokuqala, izinkampani zemishini yokuluka eyindilinga zathintwa ubhubhane olusha lomqhele, ikakhulukazi zigxile kuma-oda ngaphambi kokukhiqizwa, futhi ukuthengiswa okuphelele kwehla; kwikota yesibili, njengoba umkhuba wokuvimbela nokulawula ubhubhane lwasekhaya uthuthuka, imakethe yemishini yokuluka eyindilinga yathuthuka kancane kancane, phakathi kwayo imishini yokuluka esezingeni eliphansi Ukusebenza kwemodeli kuvelele; kusukela kwikota yesithathu, ngokubuya kwama-oda okuluka kwamanye amazwe, ezinye izinkampani embonini yemishini yokuluka eyindilinga ziye zagcwala ngokweqile. Ngokusho kwezibalo ezivela kwi-Textile Machinery Association, ukuthengiswa kwemishini yokuluka eyindilinga ezigabeni ezintathu zokuqala zika-2020 kukhuphuke ngo-7% unyaka nonyaka.

Umbono wemboni

Sekukonke, ukusebenza komnotho embonini yemishini yezindwangu kwikota yesine kanye no-2021 kusabhekene nezingozi eziningi kanye nezingcindezi. Ngenxa yomthelela wobhubhane olusha lwe-crown pneumonia, umnotho womhlaba ubhekene nokwehla okukhulu komnotho. I-IMF ibikezela ukuthi umnotho womhlaba uzoncipha ngo-4.4% ngo-2020. Umhlaba ubhekene nezinguquko ezinkulu ezingabonakali eminyakeni eyikhulu. Isimo samazwe ngamazwe siya ngokuya siba nzima futhi sishintshashintsha. Ukungaqiniseki kanye nokungazinzi kukhuphuke kakhulu. Sizobhekana nengcindezi ekubambisaneni kwe-supply chain yomhlaba wonke, ukwehla okukhulu kwezohwebo kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali, ukulahlekelwa okukhulu kwemisebenzi, kanye nezingxabano ze-geopolitical. Linda uchungechunge lwemibuzo. Nakuba isidingo semakethe yasekhaya neyamazwe ngamazwe sesikhulile embonini yezindwangu, asikabuyeli ezingeni elijwayelekile, futhi ukuzethemba kokutshalwa kwezimali ekuthuthukisweni kwamabhizinisi kusadinga ukubuyiselwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusho kombiko wakamuva wocwaningo okhishwe yi-International Textile Federation (ITMF) ngoSepthemba kulo nyaka, othintwe yilolu bhubhane, ukuguquka kwezinkampani ezinkulu zezindwangu zomhlaba wonke ngo-2020 kulindeleke ukuthi kwehle ngesilinganiso esingu-16%. Kulindeleke ukuthi kuzothatha iminyaka eminingana ukuvala ngokuphelele ubhubhane olusha lomqhele. Ukulahlekelwa. Kulesi simo, ukulungiswa kwemakethe yemboni yemishini yezindwangu kusaqhubeka, futhi ingcindezi ekukhiqizweni nasekusebenzeni kwebhizinisi ayikanciphi.