Inkinga yokuthengwa kwempahla emhlabeni wonke ngaphansi kwalolu bhubhane ilethe inani elikhulu lama-oda okubuyisela impahla embonini yezindwangu yaseShayina.

Idatha evela ku-General Administration of Customs ikhombisa ukuthi ngo-2021, ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla nezindwangu kuzwelonke kuzoba yizigidigidi ezingama-315.47 zamaRandi aseMelika (lolu hlobo alubandakanyi omatilasi, izikhwama zokulala nezinye izinto zokulala), ukwanda konyaka nonyaka okungu-8.4%, okuyirekhodi eliphezulu.

Phakathi kwazo, ukuthunyelwa kwezingubo eShayina kukhuphuke cishe ngamadola aseMelika ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-33 (cishe ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-209.9) kwaya kumadola aseMelika ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-170.26, okuwukwenyuka konyaka nonyaka okungu-24%, okuwukwenyuka okukhulu kakhulu eminyakeni eyishumi edlule. Ngaphambi kwalokho, ukuthunyelwa kwezingubo eShayina kwakuye kwehla unyaka nonyaka njengoba imboni yezindwangu ishintshela eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia engabizi kakhulu nakwezinye izindawo.

Kodwa empeleni, iShayina isengumkhiqizi omkhulu wezindwangu emhlabeni kanye nomthengisi wezimpahla. Ngesikhathi sobhubhane, iShayina, njengesikhungo sochungechunge lwezimboni zezindwangu nezingubo emhlabeni, inokuqina okuqinile kanye nezinzuzo eziphelele, futhi idlale indima ka-“Ding Hai Shen Zhen”.

Imininingwane yenani lezingubo ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe eminyakeni eyishumi edlule ikhombisa ukuthi izinga lokukhula ngo-2021 livelele kakhulu, okubonisa ukukhula okukhulu okuphikisana nalokho.

Ngo-2021, ama-oda ezingubo zakwamanye amazwe azobuyela kuma-yuan angaphezu kwezigidigidi ezingama-200. Ngokusho kwedatha ye-National Bureau of Statistics, kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuNovemba 2021, umkhiqizo wemboni yezingubo uzoba yizicucu eziyizigidigidi ezingama-21.3, ukwanda ngo-8.5% unyaka nonyaka, okusho ukuthi ama-oda ezingubo zakwamanye amazwe akhuphuke cishe ngonyaka owodwa. Izicucu eziyizigidigidi eziyi-1.7.

Ngenxa yezinzuzo zalolu hlelo, ngesikhathi sobhubhane, iShayina yalawula ubhubhane olusha lwe-crown pneumonia kusenesikhathi futhi kungcono, futhi uchungechunge lwezimboni lwalulama ngokuyisisekelo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ubhubhane oluphindaphindayo eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia nakwezinye izindawo lwathinta ukukhiqizwa, okwenza abathengi eYurophu, eMelika, eJapane naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia bafaka ama-oda ngqo. Noma badluliselwe ngokungaqondile emabhizinisini aseShayina, okuletha ukubuyiselwa kwamandla okukhiqiza izingubo.

Ngokuphathelene namazwe athumela impahla kwamanye amazwe, ngo-2021, ukuthunyelwa kwezingubo eShayina ezimakethe ezintathu ezinkulu zokuthumela impahla kwamanye amazwe zase-United States, i-European Union kanye ne-Japan kuzokwanda ngo-36.7%, 21.9% kanye no-6.3% ngokulandelana, kanti ukuthunyelwa kwezimpahla eNingizimu Korea nase-Australia kuzokwanda ngo-22.9% kanye no-29.5% ngokulandelana.

Ngemva kweminyaka eminingi yentuthuko, imboni yezindwangu nezingubo yaseShayina inezinzuzo ezicacile zokuncintisana. Ayigcini nje ngokuba nochungechunge oluphelele lwezimboni, izinga eliphezulu lezindawo zokucubungula, kodwa futhi inamaqoqo amaningi ezimboni athuthukile.

I-CCTV ibike ngaphambilini ukuthi amabhizinisi amaningi ezindwangu nezingubo eNdiya, ePakistan nakwamanye amazwe awakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukulethwa okuvamile ngenxa yomthelela wobhubhane. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulethwa okuqhubekayo, abathengisi baseYurophu naseMelika badlulisele inani elikhulu lama-oda eShayina ukuze akhiqizwe.

Kodwa-ke, ngokuqala kabusha komsebenzi nokukhiqiza eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia nakwamanye amazwe, ama-oda abuyiselwe eShayina ngaphambilini aseqalile ukudluliselwa emuva eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Idatha ikhombisa ukuthi ngoDisemba 2021, ukuthunyelwa kwezingubo zaseVietnam emhlabeni wonke kwanda ngo-50% unyaka nonyaka, kanti ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe e-United States kwanda ngo-66.6%.

Ngokusho kwe-Bangladesh Garment Manufacturers and Exporters Association (BGMEA), ngoDisemba 2021, ukuthunyelwa kwezingubo ezweni kukhuphuke cishe ngo-52% unyaka nonyaka kwafinyelela ku-$3.8 billion. Naphezu kokuvalwa kwezimboni ngenxa yobhubhane, iziteleka nezinye izizathu, inani lezingubo ezithunyelwa ngaphandle eBangladesh ngo-2021 lisazokhula ngo-30%.